The National Fine Arts Collection is maintained by the National Museum of the Philippines and is currently housed at the National Museum of Fine Arts, Old Legislative Building, Manila. It is composed of a significant number of paintings, sculptures, icons, sketches, mixed media, and photographs by Filipino visual artists.  It includes important works of Philippine National Artists from the 18th century to the late 21st century.

Inside the National Museum of Fine Arts are paintings from the National Fine Arts Collection and other paintings loaned from institutions and individuals declared as National Cultural Treasures and Important Cultural Properties (ICPs).

A National Cultural Treasure is any cultural property found locally, possessing outstanding historical, cultural, artistic, and scientific value significant to the country. On the other hand, an Important Cultural Property (ICP) is a cultural property having exceptional cultural, artistic, and historical significance to the Philippines.

The ten featured paintings in this collection are declared National Cultural Treasures and Important Cultural Properties by the National Museum of the Philippines. Five of these masterpieces are part of the National Fine Arts Collection, while the other five paintings are loans from institutions and private lenders.